June 13

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 June 13

1. Eggs-within-eggs (ovum-in-ovo) discovery

-location-Bagh area, Dhar district, Madhya Pradesh
- Eggs of titanosaurid dinosaur (sauropod dinosaur) found with eggs within eggs feature
-this feature is known to occur in birds only and not in reptiles
- this shows the connection between reptilian and avian evolution
- Upper Cretaceous Lameta Formation of Central India- is known for dinosaur fossils.



2. CALPRA- Child and Adolescent Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act

- no child shall be allowed to work for > 5 hours in a day, and not > 3 hours without rest.
- 20% of the income earned by the child from the production or event is to be directly deposited in a fixed deposit account in a nationalized bank



3. CINTAA- Cine and TV Artistes' Association

- has an elected committee, working on an honorary basis
- has a register to maintain a log of complaints



4. Scrub Typhus

- known as Chellu pani in Kerala
- caused by a mite-borne bacterium- Orientia tsutsugamushi 
- rats, squirrels, rabbits ---> Chigger mites/ larval stage of mites carrying bacteria ---> humans









June 16


1. Sections:

-294 IPC- punishment for obscene acts committed in public or obscene words spoken in public
-504 IPC - intentional insult with an intention to provoke the breach of peace


2. Pygmy Hog Conservation Programme

- Pygmy Hog- world's smallest pig- threatened by extinction
- reintroduced in Manas National Park
- earlier reintroduced in Sonai Wildlife Sanctuary, Orang National Park, Barnadi Wildlife Sanctuary


3. Oachira Kali ritual

- commemorates the battle between the erstwhile kingdoms of Kayamkulam and Ambalappuzha
- held on the first two days of the Malayalam month of Midhunam.

4. Extreme poverty according to World Bank

- per capita consumption of < $1.90 (148.64) per day


5. Homophobia

-Term 'Homophobia' - was coined by George Weinberg in his book Society and the Healthy Homosexual (1972)


6. Article 300A
- inserted after the Emergency
- through the Constitution (44th Amendment) Act of 1978
- Indian Art Emporium case- Supreme court held that the right to property was a constitutional right


7. OECD - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)






8. OPEC +





9. IEA







June 26


1. Sections

- Section 468 IPC- forgery for the purpose of cheating
- Section 471 IPC- using as genuine a forged document
- Section 194 IPC- providing or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of the capital offence
-Section 211 IPC- false charge of offence made with intent to injure
- Section 218 IPC- public servant framing incorrect record or writing with intent to save a person from punishment or property from forfeiture
- Section 120 B IPC- criminal conspiracy


2. Zika Virus

- vector-borne 
- Flavivirus
- transmitted by the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes
- Aedes aegypti & Aedes Albopictus


3. Kerala to have a region-specific red list of birds

- once ready- the first state to do so
- to be assessed by The Kerala Bird Monitoring Collective (Kerala Agricultural University) and the Bird Count India.
- will use International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) guidelines
- IUCN uses 5 main criteria for making the red list
1. population size reduction measured over 10 years or 3 generations 
2. geographic range - extent of occurrence 
3. area of occupancy
4. small population size and decline, very small or restricted population
5. quantitative analysis indicating the probability of extinction

- Kerala- 
- 35 species of birds are threatened

- critically endangered - Red-headed vulture, White-rumped vulture

- endangered- Steppe Eagle, Banasura Chilappan, Nilgiri Chilappan

- vulnerable species- 11


4. Salt and land

- Salt- Central subject- item No. 58 of the Union list in the 7th Schedule of the Constitution
- land- state subject


5. Ramsar sites in Rajasthan- 2

1. Keoladeo Ghana in Bharatpur district
2. Sambhar Salt Lake in Jaipur

new proposed as a Ramsar site under the 1971 Ramsar convention on wetlands of international importance- 2 lakes in the Menar village (Udaipur district)
- the Brahma and Dandh


6. 10th Schedule of the constitution

- anti-defection law
- introduced in 1985
- Presiding officer of the legislature has the power to disqualify any defector on a petition by another member
 

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